What molecule serves as the carrier of genetic instructions?

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) serves as the carrier of genetic instructions because it contains the specific sequences of nucleotides that encode the information necessary for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. The structure of DNA, which consists of two intertwined strands forming a double helix, allows it to store vast amounts of information in a stable manner.

This genetic information is organized into genes, which are segments of DNA that determine the traits and functions of an organism by instructing the synthesis of proteins through various biochemical processes. DNA is replicated during cell division, ensuring that the genetic information is passed on to the next generation, thereby preserving the continuity of traits and biological functions across generations.

While RNA plays a crucial role in translating the genetic code into proteins and is involved in various cellular processes, it is not the primary carrier of genetic instructions. Proteins, while essential for the structure and function of cells, are the products of genetic instructions rather than the carriers of that information. The mention of "dewatered sugar" does not pertain to genetic material and is not relevant in the context of genetic instructions. Thus, DNA is rightly identified as the molecule that serves as the carrier of genetic information.